Arthritis is not a single disease but a general term for joint inflammation. It refers to more than 100 different types of joint conditions that cause pain, swelling, stiffness, and reduced motion. The most common types are:

Osteoporosis is a condition where bones lose density and strength, making them fragile and more likely to break from even minor falls or bumps. While it most often affects postmenopausal women and older adults, anyone can develop osteoporosis over time.

Osteopenia is characterized by reduced bone mineral density, meaning the bones are not as dense or strong as they should be. It's diagnosed using a bone density test (DEXA scan)and is defined by a T-score between -1 and -2.5. A T-score below -2.5 indicates osteoporosis. 

Peripheral neuropathy is a condition that affects the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord—called the peripheral nerves. These nerves carry messages between your brain and the rest of your body, including your arms, legs, hands, and feet.